Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts, sentence 8
A canal is a waterway dug by people, and locks, which are chambers with gates, let ships climb or descend between different water levels.
Who acts: canal, locks, ships · What happens: be, dug, let, climb, descend · To what, where: waterway, chambers, ships
This is a sentence of the lesson «Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (canal, locks, ships), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 canal | det |
| 2 | canal | canal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 waterway | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 waterway | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 waterway | det |
| 5 | waterway | waterway | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | dug | dug | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 waterway | acl |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 people | case |
| 8 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 dug | obl:agent |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 waterway | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 let | cc |
| 11 | locks | lock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 let | nsubj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 chambers | punct |
| 13 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 chambers | nsubj |
| 14 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 chambers | cop |
| 15 | chambers | chamber | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 locks | acl:relcl |
| 16 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 gates | case |
| 17 | gates | gate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 chambers | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 let | punct |
| 19 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 5 waterway | conj |
| 20 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 let | obj |
| 21 | climb | climb | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 let | xcomp |
| 22 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 23 descend | cc |
| 23 | descend | descend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 climb | conj |
| 24 | between | between | ADP | _ | 27 levels | case |
| 25 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 levels | amod |
| 26 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 levels | compound |
| 27 | levels | level | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 descend | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 waterway | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a canal | a waterway | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | dug | participle | a waterway not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | is a | present | locks | chambers | with gates | tree rules | |||
| 4 | let | infinitive | locks | ships | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | climb | infinitive | ships not said here | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | descend | infinitive | ships not said here | between different water levels | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:020-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts/8/