Population and cities, sentence 18

Some countries, such as Japan and Italy, have many old people and few births, while countries such as Niger have very young populations; with few births there will later be fewer young workers to look after the old.

Who acts: countries · What happens: have, be, look · To what, where: many old people, young populations, fewer young workers

This is a sentence of the lesson «Population and cities» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (countries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	2 countries	det
2	countries	country	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 have	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 Japan	punct
4	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	6 Japan	case
5	as	as	ADP	_	4 such	fixed
6	Japan	Japan	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 countries	nmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 Italy	cc
8	Italy	Italy	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Japan	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 countries	punct
10	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 people	amod
12	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 people	amod
13	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 have	obj
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 births	cc
15	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 births	amod
16	births	birth	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 people	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 have	punct
18	while	while	SCONJ	_	23 have	mark
19	countries	country	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 have	nsubj
20	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	22 Niger	case
21	as	as	ADP	_	20 such	fixed
22	Niger	Niger	PROPN	Number=Sing	19 countries	nmod
23	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 have	advcl
24	very	very	ADV	_	25 young	advmod
25	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 populations	amod
26	populations	population	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 have	obj
27	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 have	punct
28	with	with	ADP	_	30 births	case
29	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 births	amod
30	births	birth	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 workers	obl
31	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	37 workers	expl
32	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	37 workers	aux
33	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	37 workers	advmod
34	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	37 workers	cop
35	fewer	few	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	37 workers	amod
36	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	37 workers	amod
37	workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 have	parataxis
38	to	to	PART	_	39 look	mark
39	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	37 workers	acl
40	after	after	ADP	_	42 old	case
41	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	42 old	det
42	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	39 look	obl
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 have	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	some countries such Japan and Italy	many old people and few births				vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient
2	have	present	countries such Niger	young populations				vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent population=Patient
3	is a	future		fewer young workers	there		with few births; late property	tree rules
4	look	to-infinitive	some countries such Japan and Italy not said here			after the old		vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:024-population-and-cities.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/24-population-and-cities/18/