Languages and peoples on the map, sentence 10
Languages that grew from the same ancestor form a family, and English, Hindi, Russian, Spanish and Persian all belong to the Indo-European family, while Mandarin Chinese belongs to a different family.
Who acts: Languages, English, Mandarin · What happens: grow, form, belong · To what, where: family
This is a sentence of the lesson «Languages and peoples on the map» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Languages, English, Mandarin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Languages | language | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 form | nsubj |
| 2 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 3 grew | nsubj |
| 3 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 1 Languages | acl:relcl |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 7 ancestor | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 ancestor | det |
| 6 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 ancestor | amod |
| 7 | ancestor | ancestor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 grew | obl |
| 8 | form | form | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 family | det |
| 10 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 form | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 belong | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 English | cc |
| 13 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 belong | nsubj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 Hindi | punct |
| 15 | Hindi | Hindi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 English | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 Russian | punct |
| 17 | Russian | Russian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 English | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 Spanish | punct |
| 19 | Spanish | Spanish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 English | conj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 Persian | cc |
| 21 | Persian | persian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 English | conj |
| 22 | all | all | ADV | _ | 23 belong | advmod |
| 23 | belong | belong | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 form | conj |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 29 family | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 family | det |
| 26 | Indo | Indo | X | _ | 28 European | compound |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 Indo | punct |
| 28 | European | European | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 family | amod |
| 29 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 belong | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 belongs | punct |
| 31 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 34 belongs | mark |
| 32 | Mandarin | Mandarin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 belongs | nsubj |
| 33 | Chinese | Chinese | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Mandarin | flat |
| 34 | belongs | belong | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 belong | advcl |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 38 family | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 family | det |
| 37 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 family | amod |
| 38 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 belongs | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 form | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | past | Languages | from the same ancestor | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from ancestor=Patient | ||||
| 2 | form | present | Languages | a family | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location family=Theme | ||||
| 3 | belong | present | English and Hindi | to the European family; all property | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | belong | present | Mandarin | to a different family | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:025-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/25-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map/10/