Languages and peoples on the map, sentence 8

Real places were rarely so tidy: towns spoke one language and villages another, courts used a third, and borders cut right through peoples such as the Kurds.

Who acts: Real places, towns, courts, borders · What happens: be, speak, use, cut · To what, where: one language, third · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Languages and peoples on the map» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Real places, towns, courts, borders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 places	amod
2	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 tidy	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 tidy	cop
4	rarely	rarely	ADV	_	6 tidy	advmod
5	so	so	ADV	_	6 tidy	advmod
6	tidy	tidy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 spoke	punct
8	towns	town	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 spoke	nsubj
9	spoke	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 tidy	parataxis
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 language	nummod
11	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 spoke	obj
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 villages	cc
13	villages	village	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 language	conj
14	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	9 spoke	conj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 used	punct
16	courts	court	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 used	nsubj
17	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 tidy	conj
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 third	det
19	third	third	NOUN	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	17 used	obj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 cut	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 cut	cc
22	borders	border	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 cut	nsubj
23	cut	cut	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 tidy	conj
24	right	right	ADV	_	26 peoples	advmod
25	through	through	ADP	_	26 peoples	case
26	peoples	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 cut	obl
27	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	30 Kurds	case
28	as	as	ADP	_	27 such	fixed
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 Kurds	det
30	Kurds	Kurd	PROPN	Number=Plur	26 peoples	nmod
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 tidy	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	past	Real places		rarely, tidy property	tree rules
2	speak speech: other	past	towns	one language and villages		tree rules
3	use	past	courts	a third		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent third=Patient
4	cut	past	borders		through peoples such the Kurds	vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent through people=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:025-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/25-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map/8/