Resources and what countries trade, sentence 8

History has its own resource rush: silver from Potosí in Bolivia and from Mexico flowed to Europe and across the Pacific to China, dug under the forced-labour mita in which many Indigenous Andean workers died.

Who acts: History, Mexico, many Indigenous Andean workers · What happens: have, flow, dig, force, die, rush · To what, where: own resource rush, silver, Europe, labour mita

This is a sentence of the lesson «Resources and what countries trade» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (History, Mexico, many Indigenous Andean workers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	History	history	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 rush	nmod:poss
4	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 rush	amod
5	resource	resource	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rush	compound
6	rush	rush	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	obj
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 silver	punct
8	silver	silver	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rush	appos
9	from	from	ADP	_	10 Potosí	case
10	Potosí	Potosí	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 silver	nmod
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 Bolivia	case
12	Bolivia	Bolivia	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 silver	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 dug	cc
14	from	from	SCONJ	_	16 flowed	mark
15	Mexico	Mexico	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 flowed	nsubj
16	flowed	flow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 silver	acl
17	to	to	ADP	_	18 Europe	case
18	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 flowed	obl
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 Pacific	cc
20	across	across	ADP	_	22 Pacific	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 Pacific	det
22	Pacific	Pacific	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 Europe	conj
23	to	to	ADP	_	24 China	case
24	China	China	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 flowed	obl
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 dug	punct
26	dug	dig	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 flowed	conj
27	under	under	ADP	_	32 mita	case
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 mita	det
29	forced	force	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	31 labour	amod
30	-	-	PUNCT	_	29 forced	punct
31	labour	labour	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 mita	compound
32	mita	mita	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 dug	obl
33	in	in	ADP	_	34 which	case
34	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	39 died	obl
35	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	38 workers	amod
36	Indigenous	Indigenous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	38 workers	amod
37	Andean	andean	ADJ	Degree=Pos	38 workers	amod
38	workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 died	nsubj
39	died	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	32 mita	acl:relcl
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 has	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	History	History's own resource rush				vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rush=Patient
2	flow	past	Mexico	silver from Potosí in Bolivia not said here	Europe and the Pacific		to China	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location silver=Theme
3	dig	past	Mexico not said here			the labour mita		vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent under mita=Location
4	force	participle						vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
5	die	past	many Indigenous Andean workers				in the labour mita	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in which=Attribute
6	rush		History					nom rush «act transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:027-resources-and-what-countries-trade.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/27-resources-and-what-countries-trade/8/