The Silk Road, sentence 12

China kept the making of silk secret for a long time, so silk was rare and costly in the West; silk is spun by silkworms, and a well-known story says monks smuggled silkworm eggs to the Byzantine Empire in the 500s.

Who acts: China, silk, silkworms, known story, monks, silk secret · What happens: keep, be, spin, know, say, smuggle · To what, where: making, West, silk, silkworm eggs, Byzantine Empire, 500s · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Silk Road» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (China, silk, silkworms, known story), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	China	China	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 kept	nsubj
2	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 making	det
4	making	making	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 kept	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 secret	case
6	silk	silk	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 secret	compound
7	secret	secret	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 making	nmod
8	for	for	ADP	_	11 time	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 time	det
10	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 time	amod
11	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 kept	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 rare	punct
13	so	so	ADV	_	16 rare	advmod
14	silk	silk	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 rare	nsubj
15	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 rare	cop
16	rare	rare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 kept	parataxis
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 costly	cc
18	costly	costly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 rare	conj
19	in	in	ADP	_	21 West	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 West	det
21	West	West	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 costly	obl
22	;	;	PUNCT	_	25 spun	punct
23	silk	silk	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 spun	nsubj:pass
24	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 spun	aux:pass
25	spun	spin	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 rare	parataxis
26	by	by	ADP	_	27 silkworms	case
27	silkworms	silkworm	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 spun	obl:agent
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 says	punct
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 says	cc
30	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	34 story	det
31	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	33 known	advmod
32	-	-	PUNCT	_	31 well	punct
33	known	know	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	34 story	amod
34	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 says	nsubj
35	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 spun	conj
36	monks	monk	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 smuggled	nsubj
37	smuggled	smuggle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	35 says	ccomp
38	silkworm	silkworm	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 eggs	compound
39	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 smuggled	obj
40	to	to	ADP	_	43 Empire	case
41	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	43 Empire	det
42	Byzantine	Byzantine	PROPN	Number=Sing	43 Empire	compound
43	Empire	Empire	PROPN	Number=Sing	37 smuggled	obl
44	in	in	ADP	_	46 500s	case
45	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	46 500s	det
46	500s	500	NOUN	Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card	37 smuggled	obl
47	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 kept	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	past	China	the making of silk secret			time		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent making=Theme
2	is	past	silk					rare property	tree rules
3	be		silk not said here			the West			tree rules
4	spin	present · passive	silkworms	silk					vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
5	know	participle						well property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
6	say speech: assert	present	a known story						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
7	smuggle	past	monks	silkworm eggs	the Byzantine Empire	the 500s			vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme to empire=Destination
8	make		silk secret						nom making «act intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:028-the-silk-road.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/28-the-silk-road/12/