The spice trade and the Indian Ocean, sentence 11

Long before Europeans came, the Indian Ocean was a busy trade world linking East Africa, Arabia, Persia, India, South-East Asia and China.

Who acts: Europeans, Ocean, Indian busy trade world · What happens: come, be, link · To what, where: Indian busy trade world, East

This is a sentence of the lesson «The spice trade and the Indian Ocean» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Europeans, Ocean, Indian busy trade world), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 came	advmod
2	before	before	SCONJ	_	4 came	mark
3	Europeans	European	PROPN	Number=Plur	4 came	nsubj
4	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 world	advcl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 came	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Ocean	det
7	Indian	Indian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 world	amod
8	Ocean	Ocean	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 world	nsubj
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 world	cop
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 world	det
11	busy	busy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 world	amod
12	trade	trade	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 world	compound
13	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
14	linking	link	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 world	acl
15	East	East	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 linking	obj
16	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 East	flat
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 Arabia	punct
18	Arabia	Arabia	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 Africa	conj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 Persia	punct
20	Persia	Persia	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 East	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 India	punct
22	India	India	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 East	conj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 South	punct
24	South	South	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 East	conj
25	-	-	PUNCT	_	27 Asia	punct
26	East	East	PROPN	Number=Sing	27 Asia	compound
27	Asia	Asia	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 East	conj
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 China	cc
29	China	China	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 East	conj
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 world	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	come	past	Europeans		long property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a	past	the Ocean	a Indian busy trade world		tree rules
3	link	gerund	a Indian busy trade world not said here	East and Persia and India and South and East Asia and China		vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent east=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:029-the-spice-trade-and-the-indian-ocean.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/29-the-spice-trade-and-the-indian-ocean/11/