Projections: why Greenland looks huge, sentence 5

It is impossible to flatten the surface of a sphere onto paper without stretching, squashing or tearing it, so every flat map distorts something.

Who acts: flat map · What happens: be, flatten, stretch, squash, tear, distort · To what, where: surface, paper, map, something

This is a sentence of the lesson «Projections: why Greenland looks huge» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flat map), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 impossible	expl
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 impossible	cop
3	impossible	impossible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 flatten	mark
5	flatten	flatten	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 impossible	csubj
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 surface	det
7	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 flatten	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 sphere	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 sphere	det
10	sphere	sphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 surface	nmod
11	onto	onto	ADP	_	12 paper	case
12	paper	paper	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 flatten	obl
13	without	without	SCONJ	_	14 stretching	mark
14	stretching	stretch	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 flatten	advcl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 squashing	punct
16	squashing	squash	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 stretching	conj
17	or	or	CCONJ	_	18 tearing	cc
18	tearing	tear	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 stretching	conj
19	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 tearing	obj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 distorts	punct
21	so	so	ADV	_	25 distorts	advmod
22	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	24 map	det
23	flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 map	amod
24	map	map	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 distorts	nsubj
25	distorts	distort	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 impossible	conj
26	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	25 distorts	obj
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 impossible	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present				impossible property	tree rules
2	flatten	to-infinitive		the surface of a sphere	paper		vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent surface=Patient
3	stretch	gerund					vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	squash	gerund					vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme
5	tear	gerund		map			vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location it=Theme
6	distort	present	every flat map	something			vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent something=Material

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:003-projections-why-greenland-looks-huge.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/3-projections-why-greenland-looks-huge/5/