Borders: why they are where they are, sentence 7
In 1494 Spain and Portugal agreed in the Treaty of Tordesillas to divide newly found lands outside Europe along a line about 370 leagues (a league is a few kilometres) west of the Cape Verde islands.
Who acts: Spain, league · What happens: agree, divide, find, be · To what, where: 1494, found lands, few kilometres
This is a sentence of the lesson «Borders: why they are where they are» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Spain, league), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 1494 | case |
| 2 | 1494 | 1494 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 agreed | obl |
| 3 | Spain | Spain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 agreed | nsubj |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 Portugal | cc |
| 5 | Portugal | Portugal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Spain | conj |
| 6 | agreed | agree | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 Treaty | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Treaty | det |
| 9 | Treaty | Treaty | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 agreed | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 Tordesillas | case |
| 11 | Tordesillas | Tordesillas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Treaty | nmod |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 divide | mark |
| 13 | divide | divide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 agreed | xcomp |
| 14 | newly | newly | ADV | _ | 15 found | advmod |
| 15 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 lands | amod |
| 16 | lands | land | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 divide | obj |
| 17 | outside | outside | ADP | _ | 18 Europe | case |
| 18 | Europe | Europe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 lands | nmod |
| 19 | along | along | ADP | _ | 21 line | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 line | det |
| 21 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 divide | obl |
| 22 | about | about | ADV | _ | 23 370 | advmod |
| 23 | 370 | 370 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 24 leagues | nummod |
| 24 | leagues | league | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 line | nmod |
| 25 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 31 kilometres | punct |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 league | det |
| 27 | league | league | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 kilometres | nsubj |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 kilometres | cop |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 kilometres | det |
| 30 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 kilometres | amod |
| 31 | kilometres | kilometre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 leagues | parataxis |
| 32 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 31 kilometres | punct |
| 33 | west | west | ADV | _ | 38 islands | advmod |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 islands | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 islands | det |
| 36 | Cape | Cape | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 Verde | compound |
| 37 | Verde | Verde | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 islands | compound |
| 38 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 line | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 agreed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | agree speech: agree | past | Spain and Portugal | 1494 | in the Treaty of Tordesillas | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | divide not said to happen | to-infinitive | Spain and Portugal not said here | found lands | outside Europe; along a line 370 leagues of the Verde islands | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Theme | |||
| 3 | find | participle | newly property | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is a | present | a league | a few kilometres | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:031-borders-why-they-are-where-they-are.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/31-borders-why-they-are-where-they-are/7/