Borders: why they are where they are, sentence 9
At the Berlin Conference of 1884 to 1885, European powers set rules for claiming African land, and no African rulers were invited.
Who acts: European powers · What happens: set, claim, invite · To what, where: rules, Berlin Conference, African land, African rulers
This is a sentence of the lesson «Borders: why they are where they are» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (European powers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 4 Conference | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Conference | det |
| 3 | Berlin | Berlin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Conference | compound |
| 4 | Conference | Conference | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 set | obl |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 1884 | case |
| 6 | 1884 | 1884 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 Conference | nmod |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 1885 | case |
| 8 | 1885 | 1885 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 1884 | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 set | punct |
| 10 | European | European | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 powers | amod |
| 11 | powers | power | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 set | nsubj |
| 12 | set | set | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | rules | rule | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 set | obj |
| 14 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 15 claiming | mark |
| 15 | claiming | claim | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 powers | acl |
| 16 | African | African | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 land | amod |
| 17 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 claiming | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 invited | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 invited | cc |
| 20 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 22 rulers | det |
| 21 | African | African | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 rulers | amod |
| 22 | rulers | ruler | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 invited | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 invited | aux:pass |
| 24 | invited | invite | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 set | conj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 set | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | set | past | European powers | rules | the Berlin Conference of 1884 to 1885 | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent rule=Theme at conference=Destination | |||
| 2 | claim speech: other | gerund | European powers not said here | African land | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent land=Topic | ||||
| 3 | invite | past · passive | no African rulers | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:031-borders-why-they-are-where-they-are.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/31-borders-why-they-are-where-they-are/9/