Castile, Portugal and the first sea empires, sentence 1

Step by step Portuguese ships crept down the coast of Africa, like a child exploring a dark corridor one door at a time, until in 1498 Vasco da Gama reached India by sea.

Who acts: Portuguese ships, child, Vasco da Gama · What happens: creep down, explore, reach · To what, where: coast, dark corridor, India

This is a sentence of the lesson «Castile, Portugal and the first sea empires» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Portuguese ships, child, Vasco da Gama), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Step	step	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 crept	advmod
2	by	by	ADP	_	1 Step	fixed
3	step	step	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Step	fixed
4	Portuguese	Portuguese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 ships	amod
5	ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 crept	nsubj
6	crept	creep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	down	down	ADV	_	6 crept	advmod
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 coast	det
9	coast	coast	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 crept	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 Africa	case
11	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 coast	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 child	punct
13	like	like	ADP	_	15 child	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 child	det
15	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 crept	obl
16	exploring	explore	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 child	acl
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 corridor	det
18	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 corridor	amod
19	corridor	corridor	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 exploring	obj
20	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	21 door	nummod
21	door	door	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 exploring	obl
22	at	at	ADP	_	24 time	case
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 time	det
24	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 exploring	obl
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 1498	punct
26	until	until	ADP	_	28 1498	case
27	in	in	ADP	_	28 1498	case
28	1498	1498	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	32 reached	obl
29	Vasco	Vasco	PROPN	Number=Sing	31 Gama	compound
30	da	da	PROPN	Number=Sing	31 Gama	compound
31	Gama	Gama	PROPN	Number=Sing	32 reached	nsubj
32	reached	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 crept	advcl
33	India	India	PROPN	Number=Sing	32 reached	obj
34	by	by	ADP	_	35 sea	case
35	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 reached	obl
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	32 reached	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	creep down	past	Portuguese ships	the coast of Africa		like a child; down property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	explore	gerund	a child not said here	a dark corridor	time	one door obl	vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent corridor=Location
3	reach	past	Vasco da Gama	India	until 1498	by sea	vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent india=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:033-castile-portugal-and-the-first-sea-empires.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/33-castile-portugal-and-the-first-sea-empires/1/