Castile, Portugal and the first sea empires, sentence 16
Portugal colonised Brazil from the 1530s, at first for brazilwood, a red dye wood that gave the land its name, and then for sugar plantations worked by enslaved Indigenous people and Africans.
Who acts: Portugal, red dye wood, land · What happens: colonise, give, work, enslave, name · To what, where: Brazil, 1530s, name, land, sugar plantations
This is a sentence of the lesson «Castile, Portugal and the first sea empires» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Portugal, red dye wood, land), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Portugal | Portugal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 colonised | nsubj |
| 2 | colonised | colonise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | Brazil | Brazil | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 colonised | obj |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 1530s | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 1530s | det |
| 6 | 1530s | 1530 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 2 colonised | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 brazilwood | punct |
| 8 | at | at | ADP | _ | 9 first | case |
| 9 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 11 brazilwood | obl |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 11 brazilwood | case |
| 11 | brazilwood | brazilwood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 colonised | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 wood | punct |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 wood | det |
| 14 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 wood | amod |
| 15 | dye | dye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 wood | compound |
| 16 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 brazilwood | appos |
| 17 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 gave | nsubj |
| 18 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 wood | acl:relcl |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 land | det |
| 20 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 gave | iobj |
| 21 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 name | nmod:poss |
| 22 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 gave | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 plantations | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 plantations | cc |
| 25 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 28 plantations | advmod |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 28 plantations | case |
| 27 | sugar | sugar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 plantations | compound |
| 28 | plantations | plantation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 brazilwood | conj |
| 29 | worked | work | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 plantations | acl |
| 30 | by | by | ADP | _ | 33 people | case |
| 31 | enslaved | enslave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 people | amod |
| 32 | Indigenous | Indigenous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 people | amod |
| 33 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 worked | obl:agent |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 Africans | cc |
| 35 | Africans | African | PROPN | Number=Plur | 33 people | conj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 colonised | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | colonise | past | Portugal | Brazil | the 1530s | for brazilwood and sugar plantations | tree rules | ||
| 2 | give | past | a red dye wood | land's name | the land | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent land=Recipient name=Theme | |||
| 3 | work | participle | sugar plantations not said here | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | enslave | participle | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | name | land | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:033-castile-portugal-and-the-first-sea-empires.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/33-castile-portugal-and-the-first-sea-empires/16/