How empires fell: the map of the 20th century, sentence 14
In 1960 alone, 17 African countries became independent, and it is called the Year of Africa.
Who acts: 17 African countries · What happens: become, call · To what, where: 1960, colony · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «How empires fell: the map of the 20th century» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (17 African countries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 1960 | case |
| 2 | 1960 | 1960 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 8 became | obl |
| 3 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 2 1960 | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 became | punct |
| 5 | 17 | 17 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 countries | nummod |
| 6 | African | African | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 countries | amod |
| 7 | countries | country | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 became | nsubj |
| 8 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | independent | independent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 became | xcomp |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 called | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 called | cc |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 called | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 called | aux:pass |
| 14 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 became | conj |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 Year | det |
| 16 | Year | Year | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 called | xcomp |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 Africa | case |
| 18 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Year | nmod |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 became | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | past | 17 African countries | in 1960 result; independent property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in 1960=Result | ||||
| 2 | call | present · passive | colony | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:037-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/14/