Moving continents: from Pangaea to today, sentence 4
The film keeps playing: the Atlantic is still widening, Africa is creeping into Europe, and in a couple of hundred million years the continents will probably meet again, though scientists argue about the shape.
Who acts: film, Atlantic, Africa, continents, scientists · What happens: keep, play, widen, creep, meet, argue · To what, where: Europe
This is a sentence of the lesson «Moving continents: from Pangaea to today» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (film, Atlantic, Africa, continents), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 film | det |
| 2 | film | film | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 keeps | nsubj |
| 3 | keeps | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | playing | play | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 keeps | xcomp |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 widening | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Atlantic | det |
| 7 | Atlantic | Atlantic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 widening | nsubj |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 widening | aux |
| 9 | still | still | ADV | _ | 10 widening | advmod |
| 10 | widening | widen | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 playing | parataxis |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 creeping | punct |
| 12 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 creeping | nsubj |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 creeping | aux |
| 14 | creeping | creep | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 keeps | conj |
| 15 | into | into | ADP | _ | 16 Europe | case |
| 16 | Europe | Europe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 creeping | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 couple | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 couple | cc |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 couple | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 couple | det |
| 21 | couple | couple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 creeping | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 years | case |
| 23 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 24 million | compound |
| 24 | million | million | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 25 years | nummod |
| 25 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 couple | nmod |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 continents | det |
| 27 | continents | continent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 meet | nsubj |
| 28 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 meet | aux |
| 29 | probably | probably | ADV | _ | 30 meet | advmod |
| 30 | meet | meet | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 creeping | advcl |
| 31 | again | again | ADV | _ | 30 meet | advmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 argue | punct |
| 33 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 35 argue | mark |
| 34 | scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 argue | nsubj |
| 35 | argue | argue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 meet | advcl |
| 36 | about | about | ADP | _ | 38 shape | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 shape | det |
| 38 | shape | shape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 argue | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 keeps | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep | present | the film | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | play | gerund | the film not said here | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | widen | present · progressive | the Atlantic | still | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 4 | creep | present · progressive | Africa | Europe | in a couple of million years | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into europe=Destination | |||
| 5 | meet | future | the continents | again | probably property | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 6 | argue speech: disagree | present | scientists | about the shape | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent about shape=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:043-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today/4/