Sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, sentence 4

When plates collide, layers of rock can be bent into folds like a rug pushed against a wall, and old towns built from local stone show the geology under their streets.

Who acts: plates, old towns · What happens: collide, bend, push, build, show · To what, where: layers, folds, rug, old towns, local stone, geology

This is a sentence of the lesson «Sedimentary and metamorphic rocks» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (plates, old towns), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	When	when	SCONJ	_	3 collide	mark
2	plates	plate	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 collide	nsubj
3	collide	collide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 bent	advcl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 collide	punct
5	layers	layer	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 bent	nsubj:pass
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 rock	case
7	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 layers	nmod
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 bent	aux
9	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	10 bent	aux:pass
10	bent	bend	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
11	into	into	ADP	_	12 folds	case
12	folds	fold	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 bent	obl
13	like	like	ADP	_	15 rug	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 rug	det
15	rug	rug	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 bent	obl
16	pushed	push	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 rug	acl
17	against	against	ADP	_	19 wall	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 wall	det
19	wall	wall	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 pushed	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 show	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 show	cc
22	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 towns	amod
23	towns	town	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 show	nsubj
24	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	23 towns	acl
25	from	from	ADP	_	27 stone	case
26	local	local	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 stone	amod
27	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 built	obl
28	show	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 bent	conj
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 geology	det
30	geology	geology	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 show	obj
31	under	under	ADP	_	33 streets	case
32	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	33 streets	nmod:poss
33	streets	street	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 show	obl
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 bent	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	collide	present	plates				vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme
2	bend	can · passive		layers of rock	folds	like a rug	vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: subject=Material into fold=Product
3	push	participle		a rug not said here		against a wall	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent against wall=Theme
4	build	participle		old towns not said here	local stone		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from stone=Material
5	show	present	old towns	the geology	towns's streets		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent geology=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:049-sedimentary-and-metamorphic-rocks.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/49-sedimentary-and-metamorphic-rocks/4/