Minerals and crystals, sentence 0
Rocks are made of minerals, the way a fruit cake is made of flour, sugar and raisins: a mineral is a natural solid with a fixed chemical makeup and its atoms arranged in a regular pattern.
Who acts: mineral, atoms · What happens: make, be, fix, arrange · To what, where: Rocks, fruit cake, natural solid, regular pattern
This is a sentence of the lesson «Minerals and crystals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mineral, atoms), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 made | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 made | aux:pass |
| 3 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 minerals | case |
| 5 | minerals | mineral | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 made | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 made | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 way | det |
| 8 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 made | obl:unmarked |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 cake | det |
| 10 | fruit | fruit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 cake | compound |
| 11 | cake | cake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 made | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 made | aux:pass |
| 13 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 made | advcl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 flour | case |
| 15 | flour | flour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 made | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 sugar | punct |
| 17 | sugar | sugar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 flour | conj |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 raisins | cc |
| 19 | raisins | raisin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 flour | conj |
| 20 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 26 solid | punct |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 mineral | det |
| 22 | mineral | mineral | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 solid | nsubj |
| 23 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 solid | cop |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 solid | det |
| 25 | natural | natural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 solid | amod |
| 26 | solid | solid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 made | parataxis |
| 27 | with | with | ADP | _ | 31 makeup | case |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 makeup | det |
| 29 | fixed | fix | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 makeup | amod |
| 30 | chemical | chemical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 makeup | amod |
| 31 | makeup | makeup | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 solid | nmod |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 arranged | cc |
| 33 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 atoms | nmod:poss |
| 34 | atoms | atom | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 arranged | nsubj |
| 35 | arranged | arrange | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 makeup | conj |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 pattern | case |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 pattern | det |
| 38 | regular | regular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 pattern | amod |
| 39 | pattern | pattern | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 arranged | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 made | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present · passive | Rocks | of minerals | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 2 | make | present · passive | a fruit cake | of flour and sugar and raisins; the way obl:unmarked | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | a mineral | a natural solid | with a fixed chemical makeup | tree rules | |||
| 4 | fix | participle | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 5 | arrange | participle | cake's atoms | a regular pattern | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in pattern=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:050-minerals-and-crystals.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/50-minerals-and-crystals/0/