Minerals and crystals, sentence 2
Sprinkle salt into warm water, leave the saucer on a sunny windowsill for a week, and tiny cubes appear as the water evaporates; crystals grow by adding atoms layer by layer.
Who acts: you, tiny cubes, water, crystals · What happens: sprinkle, leave, appear, evaporate, grow, add · To what, where: salt, warm water, saucer, sunny windowsill, atoms layer
This is a sentence of the lesson «Minerals and crystals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, tiny cubes, water, crystals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sprinkle | sprinkle | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | salt | salt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Sprinkle | obj |
| 3 | into | into | ADP | _ | 5 water | case |
| 4 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 water | amod |
| 5 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Sprinkle | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 leave | punct |
| 7 | leave | leave | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Sprinkle | conj |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 saucer | det |
| 9 | saucer | saucer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 leave | obj |
| 10 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 windowsill | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 windowsill | det |
| 12 | sunny | sunny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 windowsill | amod |
| 13 | windowsill | windowsill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 leave | obl |
| 14 | for | for | ADP | _ | 16 week | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 week | det |
| 16 | week | week | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 leave | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 appear | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 appear | cc |
| 19 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 cubes | amod |
| 20 | cubes | cube | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 appear | nsubj |
| 21 | appear | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Sprinkle | conj |
| 22 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 25 evaporates | mark |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 water | det |
| 24 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 evaporates | nsubj |
| 25 | evaporates | evaporate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 appear | advcl |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 grow | punct |
| 27 | crystals | crystal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 grow | nsubj |
| 28 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Sprinkle | parataxis |
| 29 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 30 adding | mark |
| 30 | adding | add | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 28 grow | advcl |
| 31 | atoms | atom | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 layer | compound |
| 32 | layer | layer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 adding | obj |
| 33 | by | by | ADP | _ | 34 layer | case |
| 34 | layer | layer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 adding | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Sprinkle | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sprinkle | imperative | you not said here | salt | warm water | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent salt=Theme into water=Destination | |||
| 2 | leave | infinitive | you not said here | the saucer | a sunny windowsill | week | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent saucer=Theme on windowsill=Location | ||
| 3 | appear | present | tiny cubes | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | evaporate | present | the water | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 5 | grow | present | crystals | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | add speech: assert | gerund | crystals not said here | atoms layer | by layer | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent layer=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:050-minerals-and-crystals.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/50-minerals-and-crystals/2/