Weathering and erosion, sentence 8
Water in cracks freezes and expands by about 9%, pushing the rock apart bit by bit.
Who acts: Water · What happens: freeze, expand, push · To what, where: rock
This is a sentence of the lesson «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 freezes | nsubj |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 3 cracks | case |
| 3 | cracks | crack | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Water | nmod |
| 4 | freezes | freeze | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 expands | cc |
| 6 | expands | expand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 freezes | conj |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 % | case |
| 8 | about | about | ADV | _ | 9 9 | advmod |
| 9 | 9 | 9 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 % | nummod |
| 10 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 6 expands | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 pushing | punct |
| 12 | pushing | push | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 freezes | conj |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 rock | det |
| 14 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 pushing | obj |
| 15 | apart | apart | ADV | _ | 16 bit | advmod |
| 16 | bit | bit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 pushing | obl |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 18 bit | case |
| 18 | bit | bit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 bit | nmod |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 freezes | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | freeze | present | Water in cracks | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | expand | present | Water in cracks not said here | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 3 | push | gerund | Water in cracks not said here | the rock | bit by bit obl | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rock=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:052-weathering-and-erosion.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/8/