Glaciers and ice ages, sentence 18
Today almost all mountain glaciers are shrinking fast because of human-caused global warming.
Who acts: mountain glaciers · What happens: shrink, cause
This is a sentence of the lesson «Glaciers and ice ages» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mountain glaciers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 shrinking | obl:unmarked |
| 2 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 3 all | advmod |
| 3 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 glaciers | det |
| 4 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 glaciers | compound |
| 5 | glaciers | glacier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 shrinking | nsubj |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 shrinking | aux |
| 7 | shrinking | shrink | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 8 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 7 shrinking | advmod |
| 9 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 15 warming | case |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 because | fixed |
| 11 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 caused | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 human | punct |
| 13 | caused | cause | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 warming | amod |
| 14 | global | global | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 warming | amod |
| 15 | warming | warming | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 shrinking | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 shrinking | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shrink | present · progressive | all mountain glaciers | today | because caused global warming; fast property | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||
| 2 | cause | participle | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:054-glaciers-and-ice-ages.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/54-glaciers-and-ice-ages/18/