Glaciers and ice ages, sentence 5

About 20,000 years ago ice covered much of Britain, so much water was locked up that the sea was about 120 metres lower and you could walk to Europe across Doggerland.

Who acts: ice, sea, you · What happens: cover, lock up, be, walk · To what, where: much, much water, 120 metres, Europe, Doggerland

This is a sentence of the lesson «Glaciers and ice ages» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ice, sea, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	About	about	ADV	_	2 20,000	advmod
2	20,000	20000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 years	nummod
3	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 ago	obl:unmarked
4	ago	ago	ADV	_	6 covered	advmod
5	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 covered	nsubj
6	covered	cover	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 covered	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 Britain	case
9	Britain	Britain	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 much	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 locked	punct
11	so	so	ADV	_	12 much	advmod
12	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 water	amod
13	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 locked	nsubj:pass
14	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 locked	aux:pass
15	locked	lock	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 covered	parataxis
16	up	up	ADP	_	15 locked	compound:prt
17	that	that	SCONJ	_	23 metres	mark
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 sea	det
19	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 metres	nsubj
20	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 metres	cop
21	about	about	ADV	_	22 120	advmod
22	120	120	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	23 metres	nummod
23	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 locked	advcl
24	lower	low	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	23 metres	amod
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 walk	cc
26	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	28 walk	nsubj
27	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	28 walk	aux
28	walk	walk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	23 metres	conj
29	to	to	ADP	_	30 Europe	case
30	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	28 walk	obl
31	across	across	ADP	_	32 Doggerland	case
32	Doggerland	Doggerland	PROPN	Number=Sing	28 walk	obl
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 covered	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	cover	past	ice	much of Britain			ago property	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme much=Destination
2	lock up	past · passive		much water				vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
3	is a	past	the sea	120 metres				tree rules
4	walk	could	you		Europe	Doggerland		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to europe=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:054-glaciers-and-ice-ages.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/54-glaciers-and-ice-ages/5/