Coasts and caves, sentence 0
The coast is where land and sea fight, and in storms the waves hit cliffs with huge force, hurling pebbles and squeezing air into cracks.
Who acts: coast, land, waves · What happens: be, fight, hit, hurl, squeezing · To what, where: cliffs, storms, pebbles, air, cracks
This is a sentence of the lesson «Coasts and caves» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (coast, land, waves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 coast | det |
| 2 | coast | coast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 is | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 8 fight | advmod |
| 5 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 fight | nsubj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 sea | cc |
| 7 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 land | conj |
| 8 | fight | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 is | ccomp |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 is | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 hit | cc |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 storms | case |
| 12 | storms | storm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 hit | obl |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 waves | det |
| 14 | waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 hit | nsubj |
| 15 | hit | hit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 is | conj |
| 16 | cliffs | cliff | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 hit | obj |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 force | case |
| 18 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 force | amod |
| 19 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 hit | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 hurling | punct |
| 21 | hurling | hurl | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 hit | advcl |
| 22 | pebbles | pebble | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 hurling | obj |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 squeezing | cc |
| 24 | squeezing | squeezing | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 hurling | conj |
| 25 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 squeezing | obj |
| 26 | into | into | ADP | _ | 27 cracks | case |
| 27 | cracks | crack | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 squeezing | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 is | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | present | the coast | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | fight | present | land and sea | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | hit | past | the waves | cliffs | storms | with huge force | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent cliff=Patient with force=Instrument | ||
| 4 | hurl | gerund | the waves not said here | pebbles | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pebble=Theme | ||||
| 5 | squeezing | gerund | the waves not said here | air | cracks | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:055-coasts-and-caves.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/55-coasts-and-caves/0/