Coasts and caves, sentence 3
Watch the sand on a beach where waves come in at a slant: it is moved along the shore, step by step, by longshore drift, and can build a long finger of sand called a spit.
Who acts: you, waves, long finger · What happens: watch, come in, move, build, call · To what, where: sand, beach, slant, shore, long finger, spit · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Coasts and caves» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, waves, long finger), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Watch | watch | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 sand | det |
| 3 | sand | sand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Watch | obj |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 beach | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 beach | det |
| 6 | beach | beach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Watch | obl |
| 7 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 9 come | advmod |
| 8 | waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 come | nsubj |
| 9 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 beach | acl:relcl |
| 10 | in | in | ADV | _ | 9 come | advmod |
| 11 | at | at | ADP | _ | 13 slant | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 slant | det |
| 13 | slant | slant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 come | obl |
| 14 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 17 moved | punct |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 moved | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 moved | aux:pass |
| 17 | moved | move | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 1 Watch | parataxis |
| 18 | along | along | ADP | _ | 20 shore | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 shore | det |
| 20 | shore | shore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 moved | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 step | punct |
| 22 | step | step | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 shore | conj |
| 23 | by | by | ADP | _ | 24 step | case |
| 24 | step | step | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 shore | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 drift | punct |
| 26 | by | by | ADP | _ | 28 drift | case |
| 27 | longshore | longshore | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 drift | amod |
| 28 | drift | drift | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 shore | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 build | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 build | cc |
| 31 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 build | aux |
| 32 | build | build | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 moved | conj |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 finger | det |
| 34 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 finger | amod |
| 35 | finger | finger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 build | obj |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 sand | case |
| 37 | sand | sand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 finger | nmod |
| 38 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 finger | acl |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 spit | det |
| 40 | spit | spit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 called | xcomp |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Watch | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | watch | imperative | you not said here | the sand | a beach | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sand=Theme | |||
| 2 | come in | present | waves | a slant | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at slant=Location | ||||
| 3 | move | present · passive | sand | the shore by step and step and longshore drift | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme along shore=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | build | can | a long finger of sand | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset finger=Product | |||||
| 5 | call | participle | a long finger of sand not said here | a spit | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:055-coasts-and-caves.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/55-coasts-and-caves/3/