Deep time and the story of life, sentence 18

Mammals had lived as small animals beside the dinosaurs; after the dinosaurs, mammals spread into the empty places in nature and grew into many forms, from whales to elephants.

Who acts: Mammals · What happens: live, spread, grow · To what, where: empty places, many forms

This is a sentence of the lesson «Deep time and the story of life» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mammals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mammals	mammal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lived	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 lived	aux
3	lived	live	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	as	as	ADP	_	6 animals	case
5	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 animals	amod
6	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lived	obl
7	beside	beside	ADP	_	9 dinosaurs	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 dinosaurs	det
9	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 animals	nmod
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 spread	punct
11	after	after	ADP	_	13 dinosaurs	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 dinosaurs	det
13	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 spread	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 spread	punct
15	mammals	mammal	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 spread	nsubj
16	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 lived	parataxis
17	into	into	ADP	_	20 places	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 places	det
19	empty	empty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 places	amod
20	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 spread	obl
21	in	in	ADP	_	22 nature	case
22	nature	nature	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 places	nmod
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 grew	cc
24	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 spread	conj
25	into	into	ADP	_	27 forms	case
26	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 forms	amod
27	forms	form	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 grew	obl
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 whales	punct
29	from	from	ADP	_	30 whales	case
30	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 forms	conj
31	to	to	ADP	_	32 elephants	case
32	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 whales	nmod
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 lived	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	past · perfect	Mammals			as small animals beside the dinosaurs	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	spread	past	mammals	the empty places in nature	after the dinosaurs		vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into place=Destination
3	grow	past	mammals not said here			into many forms and whales to elephants result	vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into form=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:058-deep-time-and-the-story-of-life.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/58-deep-time-and-the-story-of-life/18/