Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads, sentence 13
Aqueducts carried fresh water from hills to cities, sometimes over high stone bridges, using a gentle downhill slope.
Who acts: Aqueducts · What happens: carry, use · To what, where: fresh water, hills, gentle downhill slope
This is a sentence of the lesson «Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Aqueducts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Aqueducts | aqueduct | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 carried | nsubj |
| 2 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | fresh | fresh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 water | amod |
| 4 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 carried | obj |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 hills | case |
| 6 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 carried | obl |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 cities | case |
| 8 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 carried | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 bridges | punct |
| 10 | sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 14 bridges | advmod |
| 11 | over | over | ADP | _ | 14 bridges | case |
| 12 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 bridges | amod |
| 13 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 bridges | compound |
| 14 | bridges | bridge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 carried | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 using | punct |
| 16 | using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 carried | advcl |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 slope | det |
| 18 | gentle | gentle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 slope | amod |
| 19 | downhill | downhill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 slope | compound |
| 20 | slope | slope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 using | obj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 carried | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | carry | past | Aqueducts | fresh water | hills | to cities; over high stone bridges | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent water=Theme from hill=Initial_Location to city=Destination | ||
| 2 | use | gerund | Aqueducts not said here | a gentle downhill slope | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slope=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:014-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/14-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads/13/