The Aztecs and the Inca, sentence 17
Machu Picchu is an Inca town high on a mountain ridge, built of stones fitted so tightly that a knife blade cannot slip between them; the Spanish never found it, and it became world famous in 1911, though local people always knew it.
Who acts: Machu, knife blade, blade, local people · What happens: be, build, fit, not slip, not find, become · To what, where: Inca town, stones, blade, 1911
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Aztecs and the Inca» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Machu, knife blade, blade, local people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Machu | Machu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 town | nsubj |
| 2 | Picchu | Picchu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Machu | flat |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 town | cop |
| 4 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 town | det |
| 5 | Inca | Inca | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 town | compound |
| 6 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 town | amod |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 ridge | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 ridge | det |
| 10 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 ridge | compound |
| 11 | ridge | ridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 high | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 built | punct |
| 13 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 town | acl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 stones | case |
| 15 | stones | stone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 built | obl |
| 16 | fitted | fit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 stones | acl |
| 17 | so | so | ADV | _ | 18 tightly | advmod |
| 18 | tightly | tightly | ADV | Degree=Pos | 16 fitted | advmod |
| 19 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 25 slip | mark |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 blade | det |
| 21 | knife | knife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 blade | compound |
| 22 | blade | blade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 slip | nsubj |
| 23 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 slip | aux |
| 24 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 25 slip | advmod |
| 25 | slip | slip | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 tightly | advcl |
| 26 | between | between | ADP | _ | 27 them | case |
| 27 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 slip | obl |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 Spanish | punct |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Spanish | det |
| 30 | Spanish | Spanish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 town | parataxis |
| 31 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 32 found | advmod |
| 32 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 Spanish | conj |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 found | obj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 became | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 became | cc |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 became | nsubj |
| 37 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 found | conj |
| 38 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 famous | advmod |
| 39 | famous | famous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 became | xcomp |
| 40 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 1911 | case |
| 41 | 1911 | 1911 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 37 became | obl |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 knew | punct |
| 43 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 47 knew | mark |
| 44 | local | local | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 people | amod |
| 45 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 knew | nsubj |
| 46 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 47 knew | advmod |
| 47 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 became | advcl |
| 48 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 knew | obj |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 town | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Machu | a Inca town | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | build | participle | a Inca town not said here | of stones | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 3 | fit | participle | stones not said here | tightly property | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | not slip | can | a knife blade | between stones = stone | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 5 | not find | past | Machu not said here | blade | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic | ||||
| 6 | become | past | blade | in 1911 result; famous property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in 1911=Result | ||||
| 7 | know | past | local people | blade | always property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:019-the-aztecs-and-the-inca.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/19-the-aztecs-and-the-inca/17/