The first farms and towns, sentence 9
Farming also started separately in China, Mexico, the Andes and other places; it was not invented by one person in one place.
Who acts: Farming, one person · What happens: start, not invent · To what, where: China, farming, one place
This is a sentence of the lesson «The first farms and towns» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Farming, one person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Farming | farming | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 started | nsubj |
| 2 | also | also | ADV | _ | 3 started | advmod |
| 3 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | separately | separately | ADV | _ | 3 started | advmod |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 China | case |
| 6 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 started | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 Mexico | punct |
| 8 | Mexico | Mexico | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 China | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 Andes | punct |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Andes | det |
| 11 | Andes | Andes | PROPN | Number=Plur | 6 China | conj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 places | cc |
| 13 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 places | amod |
| 14 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 Andes | conj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 invented | punct |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 invented | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 invented | aux:pass |
| 18 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 invented | advmod |
| 19 | invented | invent | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 started | parataxis |
| 20 | by | by | ADP | _ | 22 person | case |
| 21 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 22 person | nummod |
| 22 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 invented | obl:agent |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 place | case |
| 24 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 25 place | nummod |
| 25 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 invented | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 started | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | start | past | Farming | China and Mexico and the Andes and other places | separately property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | not invent | past · passive | one person | farming | one place | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:002-the-first-farms-and-towns.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/2-the-first-farms-and-towns/9/