The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings, sentence 1

People later called them a gap in the middle, but they built cathedrals, universities and new inventions, so they were not just dark and stupid.

Who acts: People, Ages · What happens: call, build, not be, be · To what, where: Ages, cathedrals · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, Ages), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 called	nsubj
2	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 called	advmod
3	called	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 called	obj
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 gap	det
6	gap	gap	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 called	xcomp
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 middle	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 middle	det
9	middle	middle	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 gap	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 called	punct
11	but	but	CCONJ	_	13 built	cc
12	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 built	nsubj
13	built	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 called	conj
14	cathedrals	cathedral	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 built	obj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 universities	punct
16	universities	university	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 cathedrals	conj
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 inventions	cc
18	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 inventions	amod
19	inventions	invention	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 cathedrals	conj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 dark	punct
21	so	so	ADV	_	26 dark	advmod
22	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 dark	nsubj
23	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	26 dark	cop
24	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	26 dark	advmod
25	just	just	ADV	_	26 dark	advmod
26	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 built	conj
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 stupid	cc
28	stupid	stupid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 dark	conj
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 called	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: pos
teacher: changed polarity=pos

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	call	past	People	Ages = age	late property	vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient
2	build	past	Ages = age	cathedrals and universities and new inventions		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset cathedral=Product
3	not is	past	Ages = age		dark property	tree rules
4	be		Ages = age not said here			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:020-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/1/