The Black Death and the end of the Middle Ages, sentence 5
In 1347 a deadly plague, later called the Black Death, reached Europe on ships from the Black Sea and spread along trade routes.
Who acts: deadly plague · What happens: call, reach, spread · To what, where: deadly plague, Europe, 1347, trade routes · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Black Death and the end of the Middle Ages» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (deadly plague), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 1347 | case |
| 2 | 1347 | 1347 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 reached | obl |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 plague | det |
| 4 | deadly | deadly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 plague | amod |
| 5 | plague | plague | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 reached | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 plague | punct |
| 7 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 8 called | advmod |
| 8 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 plague | acl |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Death | det |
| 10 | Black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 Death | amod |
| 11 | Death | death | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 called | xcomp |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 plague | punct |
| 13 | reached | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | Europe | Europe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 reached | obj |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 16 ships | case |
| 16 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 reached | obl |
| 17 | from | from | ADP | _ | 20 Sea | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Sea | det |
| 19 | Black | Black | PROPN | _ | 20 Sea | flat |
| 20 | Sea | Sea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 ships | nmod |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 spread | cc |
| 22 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 reached | conj |
| 23 | along | along | ADP | _ | 25 routes | case |
| 24 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 routes | compound |
| 25 | routes | route | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 spread | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 reached | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | participle | a deadly plague not said here | late property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | reach | past | a deadly plague | Europe | 1347 | on ships from the Black Sea | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent europe=Theme | ||
| 3 | spread | past | a deadly plague not said here | trade routes | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along route=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:024-the-black-death-and-the-end-of-the-middle-ages.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/24-the-black-death-and-the-end-of-the-middle-ages/5/