Explorers: around Africa and Columbus, sentence 0
In the 1400s Europeans wanted spices, silk and gold from Asia, but the land routes were long and controlled by others, so sailors with new ships and the compass tried to get there by sea.
Who acts: Europeans, land routes, sailors · What happens: want, be, control, try, get · To what, where: spices, 1400s
This is a sentence of the lesson «Explorers: around Africa and Columbus» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Europeans, land routes, sailors), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 1400s | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 1400s | det |
| 3 | 1400s | 1400 | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 wanted | obl |
| 4 | Europeans | European | PROPN | Number=Plur | 5 wanted | nsubj |
| 5 | wanted | want | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 tried | conj |
| 6 | spices | spice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 wanted | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 silk | punct |
| 8 | silk | silk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 spices | conj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 gold | cc |
| 10 | gold | gold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 silk | conj |
| 11 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 Asia | case |
| 12 | Asia | Asia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 wanted | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 long | punct |
| 14 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 long | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 routes | det |
| 16 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 routes | compound |
| 17 | routes | route | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 long | nsubj |
| 18 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 long | cop |
| 19 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 wanted | conj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 controlled | cc |
| 21 | controlled | control | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 long | conj |
| 22 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 others | case |
| 23 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 controlled | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 sailors | punct |
| 25 | so | so | ADV | _ | 26 sailors | advmod |
| 26 | sailors | sailor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 tried | nsubj |
| 27 | with | with | ADP | _ | 29 ships | case |
| 28 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 ships | amod |
| 29 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 sailors | nmod |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 compass | cc |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 compass | det |
| 32 | compass | compass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 ships | conj |
| 33 | tried | try | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 get | mark |
| 35 | get | get | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 tried | xcomp |
| 36 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 35 get | advmod |
| 37 | by | by | ADP | _ | 38 sea | case |
| 38 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 get | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 wanted | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | want | past | Europeans | spices and silk and gold | the 1400s | from Asia | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot spice=Theme | ||
| 2 | is | past | the land routes | long property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | control | participle | the land routes not said here | by others | vn enforce-63 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | try | past | sailors with new ships and the compass | vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | get not said to happen | to-infinitive | sailors with new ships and the compass not said here | there | by sea | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:026-explorers-around-africa-and-columbus.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/26-explorers-around-africa-and-columbus/0/