Explorers: around Africa and Columbus, sentence 1

Portuguese sailors crept down the coast of Africa in small, handy ships called caravels, mapping as they went, until Vasco da Gama reached India by sea in 1498.

Who acts: Portuguese sailors, small handy ships, sailors, Vasco da Gama · What happens: creep, call, map, go, reach · To what, where: small handy ships, caravels, India, 1498 · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Explorers: around Africa and Columbus» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Portuguese sailors, small handy ships, sailors, Vasco da Gama), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Portuguese	Portuguese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 sailors	amod
2	sailors	sailor	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 crept	nsubj
3	crept	creep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	down	down	ADP	_	6 coast	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 coast	det
6	coast	coast	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 crept	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 Africa	case
8	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 coast	nmod
9	in	in	ADP	_	13 ships	case
10	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 ships	amod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 small	punct
12	handy	handy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 ships	amod
13	ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 crept	obl
14	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 ships	acl
15	caravels	caravel	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 called	xcomp
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 mapping	punct
17	mapping	map	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 crept	advcl
18	as	as	SCONJ	_	20 went	mark
19	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 went	nsubj
20	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 mapping	advcl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 reached	punct
22	until	until	SCONJ	_	26 reached	mark
23	Vasco	Vasco	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 Gama	compound
24	da	da	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 Gama	compound
25	Gama	Gama	PROPN	Number=Sing	26 reached	nsubj
26	reached	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 crept	advcl
27	India	India	PROPN	Number=Sing	26 reached	obj
28	by	by	ADP	_	29 sea	case
29	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 reached	obl
30	in	in	ADP	_	31 1498	case
31	1498	1498	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	26 reached	obl
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 crept	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	creep	past	Portuguese sailors		small handy ships	down the coast of Africa	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme down coast=Trajectory
2	call	participle	small handy ships not said here	caravels			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	map	gerund	Portuguese sailors not said here				tree rules
4	go	past	sailors = sailor				vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	reach	past	Vasco da Gama	India	1498	by sea	vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent india=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:026-explorers-around-africa-and-columbus.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/26-explorers-around-africa-and-columbus/1/