The age of science, sentence 10
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek made tiny powerful lenses and was the first to see living microbes in a drop of water, in the 1670s.
Who acts: Antonie · What happens: make, be, see, live · To what, where: tiny powerful lenses, living microbes, drop
This is a sentence of the lesson «The age of science» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Antonie), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Antonie | Antonie | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 made | nsubj |
| 2 | van | Van | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Antonie | flat |
| 3 | Leeuwenhoek | Leeuwenhoek | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Antonie | flat |
| 4 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 lenses | amod |
| 6 | powerful | powerful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 lenses | amod |
| 7 | lenses | lens | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 made | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 first | cc |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 first | cop |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 first | det |
| 11 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 4 made | conj |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 see | mark |
| 13 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 first | advcl |
| 14 | living | live | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 microbes | amod |
| 15 | microbes | microbe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 see | obj |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 drop | case |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 drop | det |
| 18 | drop | drop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 see | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 water | case |
| 20 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 drop | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 1670s | punct |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 1670s | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 1670s | det |
| 24 | 1670s | 1670 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 13 see | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 made | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | Antonie | tiny powerful lenses | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lens=Product | ||||
| 2 | is | past | Antonie not said here | first property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | see | to-infinitive | Antonie not said here | living microbes | a drop of water | in the 1670s | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer microbe=Stimulus | ||
| 4 | live | gerund | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:029-the-age-of-science.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/29-the-age-of-science/10/