Mesopotamia: the first cities and writing, sentence 18

The Sumerians counted in groups of sixty, which is why we still have 60 seconds in a minute and 60 minutes in an hour.

Who acts: Sumerians, we · What happens: count, be, have · To what, where: groups

This is a sentence of the lesson «Mesopotamia: the first cities and writing» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sumerians, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sumerians	det
2	Sumerians	sumerian	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 counted	nsubj
3	counted	count	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 groups	case
5	groups	group	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 counted	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 sixty	case
7	sixty	sixty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 groups	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 why	punct
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 why	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 why	cop
11	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	3 counted	parataxis
12	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 have	nsubj
13	still	still	ADV	_	14 have	advmod
14	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 why	advcl:relcl
15	60	60	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	16 seconds	nummod
16	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 have	obj
17	in	in	ADP	_	19 minute	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 minute	det
19	minute	minute	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 seconds	nmod
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 minutes	cc
21	60	60	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	22 minutes	nummod
22	minutes	minute	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 seconds	conj
23	in	in	ADP	_	25 hour	case
24	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 hour	det
25	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 seconds	nmod
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 counted	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	when	other	roles by
1	count	past	the Sumerians	groups of sixty			vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus
2	is	present				why property	tree rules
3	have	present	we		still; second		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:003-mesopotamia-first-cities-and-writing.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/3-mesopotamia-first-cities-and-writing/18/