Mesopotamia: the first cities and writing, sentence 2
The land was dry, so farmers dug canals to bring river water to their fields.
Who acts: land, farmers · What happens: be, dig, bring · To what, where: canals, river water, fields
This is a sentence of the lesson «Mesopotamia: the first cities and writing» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land, farmers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 land | det |
| 2 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 dry | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 dry | cop |
| 4 | dry | dry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 dug | punct |
| 6 | so | so | ADV | _ | 8 dug | advmod |
| 7 | farmers | farmer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 dug | nsubj |
| 8 | dug | dig | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 dry | conj |
| 9 | canals | canal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 dug | obj |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 bring | mark |
| 11 | bring | bring | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 dug | advcl |
| 12 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 water | compound |
| 13 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 bring | obj |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 fields | case |
| 15 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 fields | nmod:poss |
| 16 | fields | field | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 bring | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 dry | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the land | dry property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | dig | past | farmers | canals | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent canal=Theme | ||||
| 3 | bring | to-infinitive | farmers not said here | river water | farmers's fields | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent water=Theme to field=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:003-mesopotamia-first-cities-and-writing.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/3-mesopotamia-first-cities-and-writing/2/