The Industrial Revolution, sentence 13
Michael Faraday learned how to make electricity with magnets in 1831, and Thomas Edison, Joseph Swan and others made electric light practical around 1880.
Who acts: Michael Faraday, Thomas Edison · What happens: learn, make · To what, where: electricity, 1831, electric light, 1880
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Industrial Revolution» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Michael Faraday, Thomas Edison), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Michael | Michael | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Faraday | compound |
| 2 | Faraday | Faraday | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 learned | nsubj |
| 3 | learned | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 make | advmod |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 make | mark |
| 6 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 learned | xcomp |
| 7 | electricity | electricity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 make | obj |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 magnets | case |
| 9 | magnets | magnet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 make | obl |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 1831 | case |
| 11 | 1831 | 1831 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 make | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 made | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 made | cc |
| 14 | Thomas | Thomas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 Edison | compound |
| 15 | Edison | Edison | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 made | nsubj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 Joseph | punct |
| 17 | Joseph | Joseph | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 Edison | conj |
| 18 | Swan | Swan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Joseph | flat |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 others | cc |
| 20 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 Edison | conj |
| 21 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 learned | conj |
| 22 | electric | electric | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 light | amod |
| 23 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 made | obj |
| 24 | practical | practical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 made | xcomp |
| 25 | around | around | ADP | _ | 26 1880 | case |
| 26 | 1880 | 1880 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 21 made | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 learned | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | learn | past | Michael Faraday | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | make | to-infinitive | Michael Faraday not said here | electricity | 1831 | with magnets | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset electricity=Product | ||
| 3 | make | past | Thomas Edison and Joseph and others | electric light | 1880 | practical property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:030-the-industrial-revolution.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/30-the-industrial-revolution/13/