Slavery and its abolition, sentence 13
In the USA a secret network called the Underground Railroad helped escaping slaves travel north, using secret railway words such as stations and conductors, and Harriet Tubman escaped and went back many times to lead others to freedom.
Who acts: secret network, escaping slaves, Harriet · What happens: call, help, escape, travel, use, go back · To what, where: secret network, escaping slaves, USA, secret railway words, others, freedom · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Slavery and its abolition» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (secret network, escaping slaves, Harriet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 USA | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 USA | det |
| 3 | USA | USA | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 helped | obl |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 network | det |
| 5 | secret | secret | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 network | amod |
| 6 | network | network | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 helped | nsubj |
| 7 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 network | acl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Railroad | det |
| 9 | Underground | Underground | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Railroad | compound |
| 10 | Railroad | railroad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 called | xcomp |
| 11 | helped | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | escaping | escape | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 slaves | amod |
| 13 | slaves | slave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 helped | obj |
| 14 | travel | travel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 helped | xcomp |
| 15 | north | north | ADV | _ | 14 travel | advmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 using | punct |
| 17 | using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 travel | advcl |
| 18 | secret | secret | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 words | amod |
| 19 | railway | railway | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 words | compound |
| 20 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 using | obj |
| 21 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 23 stations | case |
| 22 | as | as | ADP | _ | 21 such | fixed |
| 23 | stations | station | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 words | nmod |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 conductors | cc |
| 25 | conductors | conductor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 stations | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 escaped | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 escaped | cc |
| 28 | Harriet | Harriet | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 escaped | nsubj |
| 29 | Tubman | Tubman | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Harriet | flat |
| 30 | escaped | escape | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 helped | conj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 went | cc |
| 32 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 escaped | conj |
| 33 | back | back | ADV | _ | 32 went | advmod |
| 34 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 times | amod |
| 35 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 went | obl:unmarked |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 lead | mark |
| 37 | lead | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 went | advcl |
| 38 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 lead | obj |
| 39 | to | to | ADP | _ | 40 freedom | case |
| 40 | freedom | freedom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 lead | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 helped | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | participle | a secret network not said here | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | help | past | a secret network | escaping slaves | the USA | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent slave=Beneficiary clause=Theme | |||
| 3 | escape | gerund | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | travel | infinitive | escaping slaves not said here | north property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | use | gerund | escaping slaves not said here | secret railway words | such stations and conductors | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient | |||
| 6 | escape | past | Harriet | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | go back | past | Harriet not said here | time | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 8 | lead | to-infinitive | Harriet not said here | others | freedom | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent other=Theme to freedom=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:031-slavery-and-its-abolition.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/31-slavery-and-its-abolition/13/