Mesopotamia: wheels, laws and empires, sentence 0

Once there were cities, people needed ways to move goods, settle quarrels and rule large lands, and Mesopotamia tried all three.

Who acts: cities, people, Mesopotamia · What happens: be, need, move, settle, rule, try · To what, where: ways, goods, quarrels, large lands, three

This is a sentence of the lesson «Mesopotamia: wheels, laws and empires» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cities, people, Mesopotamia), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Once	once	SCONJ	_	3 were	mark
2	there	there	PRON	_	3 were	expl
3	were	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 needed	advcl
4	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 were	nsubj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 people	punct
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 needed	nsubj
7	needed	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	ways	way	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 needed	obj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 move	mark
10	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 ways	acl
11	goods	goods	NOUN	Number=Ptan	10 move	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 settle	punct
13	settle	settle	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 move	conj
14	quarrels	quarrel	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 settle	obj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 rule	cc
16	rule	rule	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 move	conj
17	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 lands	amod
18	lands	land	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 rule	obj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 tried	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 tried	cc
21	Mesopotamia	Mesopotamia	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 tried	nsubj
22	tried	try	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 needed	conj
23	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	24 three	det
24	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	22 tried	obj
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 needed	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	be	past	cities		there	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	need	past	people	ways		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot way=Theme
3	move	to-infinitive	people not said here	goods		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent goods=Theme
4	settle	infinitive	people not said here	quarrels		vn odge-46-1 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme quarrel=Location
5	rule	infinitive	people not said here	large lands		vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Theme
6	try	past	Mesopotamia	all three		vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent three=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:004-mesopotamia-wheels-laws-and-empires.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/4-mesopotamia-wheels-laws-and-empires/0/