Mesopotamia: wheels, laws and empires, sentence 6
Wheels appeared about 5,500 years ago; potters used spinning wheels, and soon wheels were put on carts.
Who acts: Wheels, potters · What happens: appear, use, spin, put · To what, where: spinning wheels, wheels, carts
This is a sentence of the lesson «Mesopotamia: wheels, laws and empires» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wheels, potters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wheels | wheel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 appeared | nsubj |
| 2 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | about | about | ADV | _ | 4 5,500 | advmod |
| 4 | 5,500 | 5,500 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 years | nummod |
| 5 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 6 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 2 appeared | advmod |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 9 used | punct |
| 8 | potters | potter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 used | nsubj |
| 9 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 appeared | parataxis |
| 10 | spinning | spin | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 wheels | amod |
| 11 | wheels | wheel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 used | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 put | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 put | cc |
| 14 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 17 put | advmod |
| 15 | wheels | wheel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 put | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 put | aux:pass |
| 17 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 used | conj |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 19 carts | case |
| 19 | carts | cart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 put | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 appeared | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | appear | past | Wheels | ago property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | use | past | potters | spinning wheels | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wheel=Patient | ||||
| 3 | spin | gerund | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | put | past · passive | wheels | carts | soon property | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: subject=Theme on cart=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:004-mesopotamia-wheels-laws-and-empires.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
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