Australia and New Zealand: a short story, sentence 1
In 1788 eleven British ships, the First Fleet, brought convicts and soldiers to Sydney Cove; many convicts had been sent for small crimes like stealing food, and many later became free farmers.
Who acts: eleven British ships, small crimes, many · What happens: bring, send, steal, become · To what, where: convicts, Sydney, 1788, many convicts, food, free farmers
This is a sentence of the lesson «Australia and New Zealand: a short story» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eleven British ships, small crimes, many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 1788 | case |
| 2 | 1788 | 1788 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 11 brought | obl |
| 3 | eleven | eleven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 ships | nummod |
| 4 | British | British | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 ships | amod |
| 5 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 brought | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 ships | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Fleet | det |
| 8 | First | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 9 Fleet | amod |
| 9 | Fleet | fleet | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 ships | appos |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 ships | punct |
| 11 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | convicts | convict | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 brought | obj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 soldiers | cc |
| 14 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 convicts | conj |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 Sydney | case |
| 16 | Sydney | Sydney | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 brought | obl |
| 17 | Cove | cove | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Sydney | flat |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 convicts | punct |
| 19 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 convicts | amod |
| 20 | convicts | convict | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 sent | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 sent | aux |
| 22 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 23 sent | aux:pass |
| 23 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 brought | parataxis |
| 24 | for | for | ADP | _ | 26 crimes | case |
| 25 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 crimes | amod |
| 26 | crimes | crime | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 sent | obl |
| 27 | like | like | ADP | _ | 28 stealing | mark |
| 28 | stealing | steal | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 26 crimes | acl |
| 29 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 stealing | obj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 became | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 became | cc |
| 32 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 became | nsubj |
| 33 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 34 became | advmod |
| 34 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 sent | conj |
| 35 | free | free | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 farmers | amod |
| 36 | farmers | farmer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 became | xcomp |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 brought | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bring | past | eleven British ships | convicts and soldiers | Sydney | 1788 | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent convict=Theme to sydney=Destination | ||
| 2 | send | past · perfect · passive | many convicts | for small crimes | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 3 | steal | gerund | small crimes not said here | food | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location food=Theme | ||||
| 4 | become | past | many | free farmers | late property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:040-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/40-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story/1/