China: the four great inventions, sentence 14

Zhang Heng built a seismoscope in 132 AD: a bronze jar with dragons that dropped a ball into a toad's mouth to show the direction of an earthquake.

Who acts: Zhang, bronze jar · What happens: build, drop, show · To what, where: seismoscope, 132 AD, ball, mouth, direction

This is a sentence of the lesson «China: the four great inventions» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zhang, bronze jar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Zhang	Zhang	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 built	nsubj
2	Heng	Heng	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Zhang	flat
3	built	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 seismoscope	det
5	seismoscope	seismoscope	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 built	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 AD	case
7	132	132	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	8 AD	nummod
8	AD	ad	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 built	obl
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 jar	punct
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 jar	det
11	bronze	bronze	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 jar	compound
12	jar	jar	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 AD	appos
13	with	with	ADP	_	14 dragons	case
14	dragons	dragon	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 jar	nmod
15	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 dropped	nsubj
16	dropped	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 jar	acl:relcl
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 ball	det
18	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 dropped	obj
19	into	into	ADP	_	23 mouth	case
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 toad	det
21	toad	toad	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 mouth	nmod:poss
22	's	's	PART	_	21 toad	case
23	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 dropped	obl
24	to	to	PART	_	25 show	mark
25	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 dropped	advcl
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 direction	det
27	direction	direction	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 show	obj
28	of	of	ADP	_	30 earthquake	case
29	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 earthquake	det
30	earthquake	earthquake	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 direction	nmod
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 built	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	build	past	Zhang	a seismoscope	132 AD	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seismoscope=Product
2	drop	past	a bronze jar with dragons	a ball	a toad's mouth	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent ball=Theme into mouth=Destination
3	show	to-infinitive	a bronze jar with dragons not said here	the direction of a earthquake		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent direction=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:053-china-the-four-great-inventions.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/53-china-the-four-great-inventions/14/