China: the Ming and Zheng He's voyages, sentence 18
In the 16th and 17th centuries Spanish silver from the Americas flowed into Ming China through Manila to buy silk and porcelain.
Who acts: Spanish silver · What happens: flow, buy · To what, where: Ming China, silk
This is a sentence of the lesson «China: the Ming and Zheng He's voyages» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Spanish silver), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 6 centuries | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 centuries | det |
| 3 | 16th | 16th | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Combi NumType=Ord | 6 centuries | amod |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 17th | cc |
| 5 | 17th | 17th | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Combi NumType=Ord | 3 16th | conj |
| 6 | centuries | century | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 flowed | obl |
| 7 | Spanish | Spanish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 silver | amod |
| 8 | silver | silver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 flowed | nsubj |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 11 Americas | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Americas | det |
| 11 | Americas | Americas | PROPN | Number=Plur | 8 silver | nmod |
| 12 | flowed | flow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | into | into | ADP | _ | 15 China | case |
| 14 | Ming | Ming | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 China | compound |
| 15 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 flowed | obl |
| 16 | through | through | ADP | _ | 17 Manila | case |
| 17 | Manila | Manila | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 China | nmod |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 buy | mark |
| 19 | buy | buy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 flowed | advcl |
| 20 | silk | silk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 buy | obj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 porcelain | cc |
| 22 | porcelain | porcelain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 silk | conj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 flowed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | flow | past | Spanish silver from the Americas | Ming China through Manila | century | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | buy | to-infinitive | Spanish silver from the Americas not said here | silk and porcelain | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent silk=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:056-china-the-ming-and-zheng-he-s-voyages.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/56-china-the-ming-and-zheng-he-s-voyages/18/