China: 1911, 1949 and Mao, sentence 22
In the Cultural Revolution, 1966–1976, Mao called on young Red Guards to attack «old ideas» and supposed enemies; schools closed, temples and books were destroyed, and millions were persecuted or sent to the countryside.
Who acts: Mao · What happens: call, attack, suppose, close, destroy, persecute · To what, where: Cultural Revolution, old ideas, schools, temples, millions, countryside · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «China: 1911, 1949 and Mao» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mao), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 Revolution | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Revolution | det |
| 3 | Cultural | cultural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 Revolution | amod |
| 4 | Revolution | Revolution | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 called | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 1966 | punct |
| 6 | 1966 | 1966 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 Revolution | nmod |
| 7 | – | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 1976 | punct |
| 8 | 1976 | 1976 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 1966 | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 Mao | punct |
| 10 | Mao | Mao | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 called | nsubj |
| 11 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 Guards | case |
| 13 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 Guards | amod |
| 14 | Red | Red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 Guards | amod |
| 15 | Guards | Guard | PROPN | Number=Plur | 11 called | obl |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 attack | mark |
| 17 | attack | attack | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 called | advcl |
| 18 | « | « | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 ideas | det |
| 19 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 ideas | amod |
| 20 | ideas | idea | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 attack | obj |
| 21 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 20 ideas | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 enemies | cc |
| 23 | supposed | suppose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 enemies | amod |
| 24 | enemies | enemy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 ideas | conj |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 schools | punct |
| 26 | schools | school | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 ideas | conj |
| 27 | closed | close | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 schools | acl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 destroyed | punct |
| 29 | temples | temple | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 destroyed | nsubj:pass |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 books | cc |
| 31 | books | book | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 temples | conj |
| 32 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 destroyed | aux:pass |
| 33 | destroyed | destroy | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 closed | conj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 persecuted | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 persecuted | cc |
| 36 | millions | million | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 persecuted | nsubj:pass |
| 37 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 persecuted | aux:pass |
| 38 | persecuted | persecute | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 destroyed | conj |
| 39 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 40 sent | cc |
| 40 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 persecuted | conj |
| 41 | to | to | ADP | _ | 43 countryside | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 countryside | det |
| 43 | countryside | countryside | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 sent | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 called | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | past | Mao | the Cultural Revolution 1966 1976 | on young Red Guards | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | attack | to-infinitive | Mao not said here | « old ideas and supposed enemies and schools | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Patient | ||||
| 3 | suppose | participle | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | close | participle | schools not said here | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 5 | destroy | past · passive | temples and books | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 6 | persecute | past · passive | millions | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 7 | send | participle | the countryside | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to countryside=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:058-china-1911-1949-and-mao.lesson:22.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/58-china-1911-1949-and-mao/22/