Ancient Egypt: pyramids, mummies and hieroglyphs, sentence 2

The Great Pyramid was built about 4,500 years ago for the pharaoh Khufu, not by slaves or aliens but by paid workers and farmers taking turns, who lived in a town nearby.

Who acts: slaves, paid workers · What happens: build, pay, take, live · To what, where: Great Pyramid, turns, town

This is a sentence of the lesson «Ancient Egypt: pyramids, mummies and hieroglyphs» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (slaves, paid workers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Pyramid	det
2	Great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 Pyramid	amod
3	Pyramid	pyramid	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 built	nsubj:pass
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 built	aux:pass
5	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	about	about	ADV	_	7 4,500	advmod
7	4,500	4,500	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	8 years	nummod
8	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 ago	obl:unmarked
9	ago	ago	ADV	_	5 built	advmod
10	for	for	ADP	_	13 Khufu	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 pharaoh	det
12	pharaoh	pharaoh	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 built	obl
13	Khufu	Khufu	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 built	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 slaves	punct
15	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	17 slaves	advmod
16	by	by	ADP	_	17 slaves	case
17	slaves	slave	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 built	obl:agent
18	or	or	CCONJ	_	19 aliens	cc
19	aliens	alien	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 slaves	conj
20	but	but	CCONJ	_	23 workers	cc
21	by	by	ADP	_	23 workers	case
22	paid	pay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	23 workers	amod
23	workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 slaves	conj
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 farmers	cc
25	farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 workers	conj
26	taking	take	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	23 workers	acl
27	turns	turn	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 taking	obj
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 lived	punct
29	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	30 lived	nsubj
30	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 workers	acl:relcl
31	in	in	ADP	_	33 town	case
32	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	33 town	det
33	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 lived	obl
34	nearby	nearby	ADV	_	30 lived	advmod
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 built	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	build	past · passive	slaves or aliens but paid workers and farmers	the Great Pyramid		for Khufu; the pharaoh obl; ago property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent subject=Product for khufu=Beneficiary
2	pay	participle					vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	take	gerund	paid workers and farmers not said here	turns			vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turn=Theme
4	live	past	paid workers and farmers		a town	nearby property	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in town=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:006-ancient-egypt-pyramids-mummies-and-hieroglyphs.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×6, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/6-ancient-egypt-pyramids-mummies-and-hieroglyphs/2/