How we got here: the big steps on one long timeline, sentence 16

Nobody knows exactly when people began to talk; many scientists think full language is at least 100,000 years old, and it is still argued about.

Who acts: Nobody, people, many scientists, full language · What happens: know, begin, talk, think, be, argue · To what, where: language · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «How we got here: the big steps on one long timeline» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nobody, people, many scientists, full language), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 knows	nsubj
2	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	6 began	advmod
4	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	6 began	advmod
5	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 began	nsubj
6	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 knows	advcl
7	to	to	PART	_	8 talk	mark
8	talk	talk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 began	xcomp
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 think	punct
10	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 scientists	amod
11	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 think	nsubj
12	think	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 knows	parataxis
13	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 language	amod
14	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 old	nsubj
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 old	cop
16	at	at	ADP	_	17 least	case
17	least	least	ADJ	Degree=Sup	18 100,000	nmod
18	100,000	100000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	19 years	nummod
19	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 old	obl:unmarked
20	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 think	ccomp
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 argued	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 argued	cc
23	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 argued	nsubj:pass
24	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 argued	aux:pass
25	still	still	ADV	_	26 argued	advmod
26	argued	argue	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 knows	conj
27	about	about	ADV	_	26 argued	advmod
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 knows	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	know	present	Nobody				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	begin	past	people			exactly property	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
3	talk	to-infinitive	people not said here				vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	think speech: other	present	many scientists				vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	is	present	full language		year	old property	tree rules
6	argue speech: disagree	present · passive		language	still	about property	vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:061-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/61-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline/16/