How we got here: the big steps on one long timeline, sentence 19
Bronze came into use in the Middle East about 5,000 years ago and iron about 3,200 years ago, but at very different times elsewhere; some peoples went straight from stone to iron.
Who acts: Bronze, peoples · What happens: come, go · To what, where: use, stone
This is a sentence of the lesson «How we got here: the big steps on one long timeline» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bronze, peoples), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bronze | Bronze | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 came | nsubj |
| 2 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | into | into | ADP | _ | 4 use | case |
| 4 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 came | obl |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 East | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 East | det |
| 7 | Middle | Middle | PROPN | _ | 8 East | flat |
| 8 | East | East | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 came | obl |
| 9 | about | about | ADV | _ | 10 5,000 | advmod |
| 10 | 5,000 | 5000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 11 years | nummod |
| 11 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 12 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 2 came | advmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 iron | cc |
| 14 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Bronze | conj |
| 15 | about | about | ADV | _ | 16 3,200 | advmod |
| 16 | 3,200 | 3200 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 17 years | nummod |
| 17 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 18 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 14 iron | advmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 went | punct |
| 20 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 29 went | cc |
| 21 | at | at | ADP | _ | 24 times | case |
| 22 | very | very | ADV | _ | 23 different | advmod |
| 23 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 times | amod |
| 24 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 went | obl |
| 25 | elsewhere | elsewhere | ADV | _ | 24 times | advmod |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 times | punct |
| 27 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 28 peoples | det |
| 28 | peoples | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 went | nsubj |
| 29 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 came | conj |
| 30 | straight | straight | ADV | _ | 32 stone | advmod |
| 31 | from | from | ADP | _ | 32 stone | case |
| 32 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 went | obl |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 34 iron | case |
| 34 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 went | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 came | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | Bronze and iron | use | in the Middle East; ago property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into use=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | go | past | some peoples | stone | time | to iron | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from stone=Initial_Location to iron=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:061-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline.lesson:19.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/61-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline/19/