Light, machines and medicine: how the last 250 years changed a normal day, sentence 18
Fleming noticed in 1928 that mould killed bacteria; Florey, Chain and others turned penicillin into a medicine in the 1940s; antibiotics do not work against viruses like colds.
Who acts: Fleming, mould, Florey, antibiotics · What happens: notice, kill, turn, not work · To what, where: 1928, bacteria, penicillin, medicine · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Light, machines and medicine: how the last 250 years changed a normal day» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fleming, mould, Florey, antibiotics), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fleming | Fleming | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 noticed | nsubj |
| 2 | noticed | notice | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 1928 | case |
| 4 | 1928 | 1928 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 2 noticed | obl |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 killed | mark |
| 6 | mould | mould | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 killed | nsubj |
| 7 | killed | kill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 noticed | ccomp |
| 8 | bacteria | bacteria | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 killed | obj |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 turned | punct |
| 10 | Florey | Florey | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 turned | nsubj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 Chain | punct |
| 12 | Chain | Chain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Florey | conj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 others | cc |
| 14 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 Florey | conj |
| 15 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 noticed | ccomp |
| 16 | penicillin | penicillin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 turned | obj |
| 17 | into | into | ADP | _ | 19 medicine | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 medicine | det |
| 19 | medicine | medicine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 turned | obl |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 1940s | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 1940s | det |
| 22 | 1940s | 1940 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 15 turned | obl |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 work | punct |
| 24 | antibiotics | antibiotic | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 work | nsubj |
| 25 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 work | aux |
| 26 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 27 work | advmod |
| 27 | work | work | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 noticed | conj |
| 28 | against | against | ADP | _ | 29 viruses | case |
| 29 | viruses | virus | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 work | obl |
| 30 | like | like | ADP | _ | 31 colds | case |
| 31 | colds | cold | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 viruses | nmod |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 noticed | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | notice | past | Fleming | 1928 | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | kill | past | mould | bacteria | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bacteria=Theme | ||||
| 3 | turn | past | Florey and Chain and others | penicillin | a medicine | in the 1940s | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent penicillin=Patient into medicine=Recipient in 1940=Topic | ||
| 4 | not work | present · do-support | antibiotics | against viruses like colds | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:065-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/65-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day/18/