From band to nation: families, tribes, kingdoms, empires and countries, sentence 17
The Persian Empire around 500 BCE stretched from Egypt to India, and its kings often let peoples keep their religions and local leaders if they paid tribute, a regular payment of money or goods to the king.
Who acts: Persian Empire, kings, peoples · What happens: stretch, let, keep, pay · To what, where: 500 BCE, India, Egypt, peoples, religions, tribute
This is a sentence of the lesson «From band to nation: families, tribes, kingdoms, empires and countries» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Persian Empire, kings, peoples), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Empire | det |
| 2 | Persian | Persian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Empire | compound |
| 3 | Empire | Empire | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 stretched | nsubj |
| 4 | around | around | ADV | _ | 5 500 | advmod |
| 5 | 500 | 500 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 BCE | nummod |
| 6 | BCE | bce | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 stretched | obl:unmarked |
| 7 | stretched | stretch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 Egypt | case |
| 9 | Egypt | Egypt | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 stretched | obl |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 India | case |
| 11 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 stretched | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 let | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 let | cc |
| 14 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 kings | nmod:poss |
| 15 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 let | nsubj |
| 16 | often | often | ADV | _ | 17 let | advmod |
| 17 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 stretched | conj |
| 18 | peoples | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 let | obj |
| 19 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 let | xcomp |
| 20 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 religions | nmod:poss |
| 21 | religions | religion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 keep | obj |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 leaders | cc |
| 23 | local | local | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 leaders | amod |
| 24 | leaders | leader | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 religions | conj |
| 25 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 27 paid | mark |
| 26 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 paid | nsubj |
| 27 | paid | pay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 keep | advcl |
| 28 | tribute | tribute | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 paid | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 payment | punct |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 payment | det |
| 31 | regular | regular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 payment | amod |
| 32 | payment | payment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 tribute | appos |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 money | case |
| 34 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 payment | nmod |
| 35 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 36 goods | cc |
| 36 | goods | goods | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 34 money | conj |
| 37 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 king | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 king | det |
| 39 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 payment | nmod |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 stretched | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stretch | past | the Persian Empire | 500 BCE | India | Egypt | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from egypt=Location | ||
| 2 | let | present | food's kings | peoples | often property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | keep | infinitive | peoples not said here | kings's religions and local leaders | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent religion=Theme | ||||
| 4 | pay a condition, not said to happen | past | kings = king | tribute | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tribute=Asset | ||||
| 5 | pay | money or goods | to the king | nom payment «possession transitive»: of=patient to=obl |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:066-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/66-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries/17/