Ancient India: the Indus cities and the first kingdoms, sentence 12
An old idea that invaders destroyed the Indus cities suddenly is now not believed; the decline was slow.
Who acts: invaders, decline · What happens: destroy, not believe, be · To what, where: old idea
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ancient India: the Indus cities and the first kingdoms» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (invaders, decline), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 idea | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 idea | amod |
| 3 | idea | idea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 believed | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 destroyed | obj |
| 5 | invaders | invader | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 destroyed | nsubj |
| 6 | destroyed | destroy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 idea | acl:relcl |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 cities | det |
| 8 | Indus | Indus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 cities | compound |
| 9 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 destroyed | obj |
| 10 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 6 destroyed | advmod |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 believed | aux:pass |
| 12 | now | now | ADV | _ | 14 believed | advmod |
| 13 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 believed | advmod |
| 14 | believed | believe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 slow | punct |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 decline | det |
| 17 | decline | decline | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 slow | nsubj |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 slow | cop |
| 19 | slow | slow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 believed | parataxis |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 believed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | destroy | past | invaders | a old idea | suddenly property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | not believe | present · passive | a old idea | now | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | is | past | the decline | slow property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:007-ancient-india-the-indus-cities-and-the-first-kingdoms.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/7-ancient-india-the-indus-cities-and-the-first-kingdoms/12/