Ancient India: the Indus cities and the first kingdoms, sentence 13
The Vedas are very old sacred hymns, learned by heart and passed on by speaking for many centuries before being written down.
Who acts: Vedas · What happens: be, learn, pass on, speak, write down · To what, where: old sacred hymns · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ancient India: the Indus cities and the first kingdoms» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Vedas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Vedas | det |
| 2 | Vedas | veda | PROPN | Number=Plur | 7 hymns | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 hymns | cop |
| 4 | very | very | ADV | _ | 5 old | advmod |
| 5 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 hymns | amod |
| 6 | sacred | sacred | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 hymns | amod |
| 7 | hymns | hymn | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 learned | punct |
| 9 | learned | learn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 hymns | acl |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 heart | case |
| 11 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 learned | obl |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 passed | cc |
| 13 | passed | pass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 learned | conj |
| 14 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 passed | compound:prt |
| 15 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 16 speaking | mark |
| 16 | speaking | speak | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 passed | advcl |
| 17 | for | for | ADP | _ | 19 centuries | case |
| 18 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 centuries | amod |
| 19 | centuries | century | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 speaking | obl |
| 20 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 22 written | mark |
| 21 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 written | aux:pass |
| 22 | written | write | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 speaking | advcl |
| 23 | down | down | ADP | _ | 22 written | compound:prt |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 hymns | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the Vedas | old sacred hymns | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | learn | participle | old sacred hymns not said here | by heart | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | pass on | participle | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | speak speech: other | gerund | century | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | write down | gerund · passive | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:007-ancient-india-the-indus-cities-and-the-first-kingdoms.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/7-ancient-india-the-indus-cities-and-the-first-kingdoms/13/