Cities then and now: the biggest cities of every age and of today, sentence 13

Cahokia, near today's St Louis in the USA, was built by Mississippian people and had perhaps 10,000 to 20,000 people around 1100, about as many as London then; the numbers are estimates.

Who acts: Mississippian people, numbers · What happens: build, have, be · To what, where: Cahokia, 10,000 people, 1100, estimates

This is a sentence of the lesson «Cities then and now: the biggest cities of every age and of today» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mississippian people, numbers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cahokia	Cahokia	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 built	nsubj:pass
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Cahokia	punct
3	near	near	ADV	_	7 Louis	advmod
4	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 Louis	nmod:poss
5	's	's	PART	_	4 today	case
6	St	St	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Louis	compound
7	Louis	Louis	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Cahokia	appos
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 USA	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 USA	det
10	USA	USA	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Louis	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Cahokia	punct
12	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 built	aux:pass
13	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
14	by	by	ADP	_	16 people	case
15	Mississippian	Mississippian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 people	amod
16	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 built	obl:agent
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 had	cc
18	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 built	conj
19	perhaps	perhaps	ADV	_	23 people	advmod
20	10,000	10000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	23 people	nummod
21	to	to	ADP	_	22 20,000	case
22	20,000	20000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	20 10,000	nmod
23	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 had	obj
24	around	around	ADP	_	25 1100	case
25	1100	1100	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	18 had	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 about	punct
27	about	about	ADV	_	29 many	advmod
28	as	as	ADV	_	29 many	advmod
29	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 people	appos
30	as	as	ADP	_	31 London	case
31	London	London	PROPN	Number=Sing	29 many	nmod
32	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	13 built	advmod
33	;	;	PUNCT	_	37 estimates	punct
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 numbers	det
35	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 estimates	nsubj
36	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	37 estimates	cop
37	estimates	estimate	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 built	parataxis
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 built	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	build	past · passive	Mississippian people	Cahokia		then	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product
2	have	past	Mississippian people not said here	10,000 people	1100		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient
3	is a	present	the numbers	estimates			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:074-the-biggest-cities-of-every-age-and-of-today.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/74-the-biggest-cities-of-every-age-and-of-today/13/