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When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides, sentence 1

In Europa Universalis you colonise «empty» provinces with a few natives in them, and a handful of conquistadors can take an empire; real conquests needed local allies who hated their old rulers, and diseases that the newcomers did not even understand.

Who acts: you, handful, real conquests, local allies, newcomers · What happens: colonise, take, need, hate, not understand · To what, where: empty provinces, Europa, empire, local allies, old rulers, diseases

This is a sentence of the lesson «When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, handful, real conquests, local allies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

caseoblflatnsubjpunctamodpunctobjcasedetamodnmodcasenmodpunctccdetnsubjcasenmodauxconjdetobjpunctamodnsubjparataxisamodobjnsubjacl:relclnmod:possamodobjpunctccconjobjdetnsubjauxadvmodadvmodacl:relclpunctrootInADPEuropaPROPNUniversalisPROPNyouPRONcoloniseVERB«PUNCTemptyADJ»PUNCTprovincesNOUNwithADPaDETfewADJnativesNOUNinADPthemPRON,PUNCTandCCONJaDEThandfulNOUNofADPconquistadorsNOUNcanAUXtakeVERBanDETempireNOUN;PUNCTrealADJconquestsNOUNneededVERBlocalADJalliesNOUNwhoPRONhatedVERBtheirPRONoldADJrulersNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJdiseasesNOUNthatPRONtheDETnewcomersNOUNdidAUXnotPARTevenADVunderstandVERB.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1IninADP_2 Europacase
2EuropaEuropaPROPNNumber=Sing5 coloniseobl
3UniversalisUniversalisPROPNNumber=Sing2 Europaflat
4youyouPRONCase=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs5 colonisensubj
5colonisecoloniseVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
6««PUNCT_9 provincespunct
7emptyemptyADJDegree=Pos9 provincesamod
8»»PUNCT_9 provincespunct
9provincesprovinceNOUNNumber=Plur5 coloniseobj
10withwithADP_13 nativescase
11aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art13 nativesdet
12fewfewADJDegree=Pos13 nativesamod
13nativesnativeNOUNNumber=Plur9 provincesnmod
14ininADP_15 themcase
15themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs13 nativesnmod
16,,PUNCT_23 takepunct
17andandCCONJ_23 takecc
18aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art19 handfuldet
19handfulhandfulNOUNNumber=Sing23 takensubj
20ofofADP_21 conquistadorscase
21conquistadorsconquistadorNOUNNumber=Plur19 handfulnmod
22cancanAUXVerbForm=Fin23 takeaux
23taketakeVERBVerbForm=Inf5 coloniseconj
24anaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art25 empiredet
25empireempireNOUNNumber=Sing23 takeobj
26;;PUNCT_28 conquestspunct
27realrealADJDegree=Pos28 conquestsamod
28conquestsconquestNOUNNumber=Plur29 needednsubj
29neededneedVERBMood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin5 coloniseparataxis
30locallocalADJDegree=Pos31 alliesamod
31alliesallyNOUNNumber=Plur29 neededobj
32whowhoPRONPronType=Rel33 hatednsubj
33hatedhateVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin31 alliesacl:relcl
34theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs36 rulersnmod:poss
35oldoldADJDegree=Pos36 rulersamod
36rulersrulerNOUNNumber=Plur33 hatedobj
37,,PUNCT_39 diseasespunct
38andandCCONJ_39 diseasescc
39diseasesdiseaseNOUNNumber=Plur31 alliesconj
40thatthatPRONPronType=Rel46 understandobj
41thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art42 newcomersdet
42newcomersnewcomerNOUNNumber=Plur46 understandnsubj
43diddoAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin46 understandaux
44notnotPARTPolarity=Neg46 understandadvmod
45evenevenADV_46 understandadvmod
46understandunderstandVERBVerbForm=Inf39 diseasesacl:relcl
47..PUNCT_5 colonisepunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
narrator
polarity
neg
teacher
kept the draft
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1colonisepresentyouempty provincesEuropawith a few natives in nativestree rules
2takecana handful of conquistadorsa empirevn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent empire=Theme
3needpastreal conquestslocal allies and diseasesvn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot ally=Theme
4hatepastlocal allies and diseasesconquests's old rulersvn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ruler=Stimulus
5not understandpast · do-supportthe newcomersdiseasesvn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:076-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides/1/